Son by Yiyun Li - 1131 Words

Son, written by Yiyun Li. Karolina Strà ¶mberg 10SPC Han are an ethnic group native to East Asia. Han is the majority ethic group of the chinese population and by that one can think that maybe the name Han (in the story) was decided because he is not so different from others as he thinks he is. That his mother will wait at the airport for him with a photo album that contains pictures of woman that he can marry. A diamond bachelor has usually passed the optimum marriage years, but is much valued because he is successful in his career and has status in society. Many women desire such bachelors. In this content filial duty (duty of a son)is for Han to marry a woman and having a son to make his mother†¦show more content†¦Confucius was a chinese teacher, politician and philosopher. He lived 551-479 BCE. Confucius principles had a basis in common chinese tradition and belief. He stood for strong family loyalty, ancestor worship, respect of elders by their children etc. Han got t he bible from a friend when he was thirteen years old. That was the most precious gift he had ever gotten. It was symbolic for Hans first love and his mother burned that bible. He uses that story to say that she has not believed a long time and that she does only believe in God because she is so easy to influence. Hans mother is in some perspectives easy influenced by the people around her and she makes it pretty obvious by repeating words that are said to her. Although she has so much love for her son that no one could effect. For her it does not matter what he is or what he does, she loves him anyway. To conclude she is in some perspectives a parrot but about the meaningful and important things in her life, nothing could change her mind. Han thinks that it is wrong of his mother to bribe the children to go to church. He pays them double not to go to church. He thinks that religion should not be pushed onto anyone, it should be by free will. His mother wants the children to see â⠂¬Å"the truth in life† but while Han does not believe in God he does not think that the Christian believe is theShow MoreRelatedSon by Yiyun Li1141 Words   |  5 PagesSon, written by Yiyun Li. Karolina Strà ¶mberg 10SPC Han are an ethnic group native to East Asia. Han is the majority ethic group of the chinese population and by that one can think that maybe the name Han (in the story) was decided because he is not so different from others as he thinks he is. That his mother will wait at the airport for him with a photo album that contains pictures of woman that he can marry. A diamond bachelor has usually passed the optimum marriage yearsRead MoreHomecoming Essay751 Words   |  4 Pages Throughout the novel â€Å"Homecoming,† the effects of the slave trade on the characters are explored. For example, Quey, the son of Effia, feels the pressure of carrying on his father’s slave industry in the midst of struggling with his identities. According to Quey, â€Å"he was one of the half-caste children of the Castle, and, like the other half-caste children, he could not fully claim either half of himself, neither his father’s whiteness nor his mother’s blackness. Neither England nor the GoldRead MoreLiving Here Was Nothing Special968 Words   |  4 PagesSampler there is an essay called â€Å"Orange Crush† written by Yiyun Li where she compares two drinks. She first starts off by talking about the orange drink her dad makes. She says, â€Å"My father, who believed that thrift was one of the best virtues, saved the dried peels in a jar;when we had a cough or cold, he would boil them until the water took on a bitter taste and a pale yellow cast, like the color of water drizzling out of a rusty faucet.† Li does not make this drink come off as satisfying but as repulsiveRead MoreA Comparative Tragedy Study of Fatalism and Determinism: Oedipus Rex and Thunderstorm2489 Words   |  10 Pagesexample of the â€Å"tragedy of fate.† Sir Maurice Bowra’s idea that the gods force on Oedipus the knowledge of what he has done strongly supports the idea of fatalism (390).Through his priests at Delphi, Apollo told Laius that he would be killed by his own son, and later told Oedipus that he would kill his father and marry his mother. At the beginning of the play Apollo tells Creon that Thebes will be saved from the plague only when the murderer of Laius is found and expelled. Although everyone in this playRead MoreBelonging Essay4112 Words   |  17 PagesAF Jones, Lloyd Mister Pip AF Jo yce, James Ulysses AF Kafka, Franz Metamorphosis AF Kesey, Ken One flew over the cuckoo’s nest AF Keneally, Thomas The chant of Jimmie Blacksmith AF King, Stephen Carrie AF Lee, Harper To kill a mockingbird AF YA Li, Yiyun A thousand years of good prayers AF London, Jack White fang AF McCaffrey, Kate Destroying Avalon YA McCaffrey, Kate In ecstasy YA McCullers, Carson The heart is a lonely hunter AF Malouf, David Remembering Babylon AF Marchetta, Melina Looking forRead MoreLiterary Analysis of No Name Woman6151 Words   |  25 Pagesanalysis, you are expected to demonstrate your ability to see more, to uncover or create richer, denser, more interesting meanings in the literary works. More short stories on our class website: Culture Li Yiyun’s short story: â€Å"Immortality† http://wotan.liu.edu/~lbai/Immorality%20(Yiyun%20Li)0001.pdf Dale Minami: â€Å"Asian Americans as a movement† http://wotan.liu.edu/~lbai/AsianAmericans0001.pdf Adopted From Korea and in Search of Identity http://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/09/us/09adopt.html

Why Race And Ethnicity Have An Effect On Political...

People hate to be isolated. Sadly, people are the ones who actually initiates isolation. In some way, we are harming each other. World is becoming a very horrible place; intelligent people are shunned, education is shot, ignorance is rewarded and police are corrupt. We can’t live with each other when a race is isolated. A person who is different in community by his or her skin color is classified as an outcast. Outcasts have no right speak up. That is why I think race and ethnicity have an effect on political participation. Although lately there are some improvements, that didn’t have a big impact on people. Considering a variety of political acts, we find that, in the aggregate, African-Americans are slightly, and Latinos are†¦show more content†¦People do not care about what is right, they care about what is popular and the only way to get over this pointless view; humanity should improve as in one group. Bottom line is that political participation may seem approachable, but the people who have the guts to talk to millions should be awarded not shunned just because they are different. Political participation is valid; however, we still see many problems. For instance, voter identification requirements have a substantially negative impact on the voting power of several voting groups. People who belong to a group which is the minority, face with some problems. They are inhibited by the majority to keep the constant rate of vote in order to reach to success. In other words, they are excluded from the society. There may be people who are aware of this situation but for those who aren’t should know that Texas Republicans have a reason to stop minority voting. Ginsburg noted the motive behind the tougher ID law, which is that the state’s ruling class of mostly white Republicans is less and less representative of the state’s population as a whole. â€Å"In light of the â€Å"seismic demographic shift† in Texas between 2000 and 2010, making Texas a â€Å"majority-minority state,† the District Court observed that the Texas Legislature an d Governor had an evident incentive to â€Å"gain partisan advantage by suppressing† the â€Å"votes of African-Americans and Latinos.† From this information another ugly side of humanity can be seen.

The influence of the Great Britain on our daily life free essay sample

The influence of the Great Britain on our day-to-day life The British life is influence on our day-to-day life, for illustration on athletics, leisure clip, nutrient and repasts, vacations and others things. Sport: The British athletics have affected on our athletics. English and Russian people like athletics. Footballhas taken the beginning in England. Football was played by the whole small town squads in the in-between ages in England. Now football is the most popular game non merely in Britain, but besides in our state. Table tennishas come to us from Britain excessively. Englishmen heard about table tennis in 1880. Then the International Table Tennis Association was formed and the international regulations were worked out. Lawn tennisis English game excessively. Wimbledon is the Centre of lawn tennis. Somerushing competitionswere thought in Britain, which came from them to us. For illustration motor-car racing, boat racing, Equus caballus racing and others. Leisure clip: Such avocation as fishinghas come to us from Britain. We will write a custom essay sample on The influence of the Great Britain on our daily life or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page About three million British people go sailing in little boats every twelvemonth. Gardeningis English diversion excessively. Britain is celebrated for its gardens and most people like gardening. This is likely one ground why so many people prefer to populate in houses instead than in flats. The most popular things to make outside the place as for them are traveling out for a thrust in the auto, for a walk and for a repast. Do-It-Yourselfis the widespread avocation among Russian people, but it has come from Britain. Food and repasts: For most of us as they, breakfastis o bowl of cereal followed by toast and marmalade with a cup of tea. Some people have cooked bacon and eggs. Dinnermay hold two or three classs. First soup, so a chief class with meat or fish and eventually a desert. Teais the British national drink and our excessively. They and we like tea strong and fresh-made. Hamburgers, sandwiches and hot nutrienthave come from them to us. Vacations: St. Valentine # 8217 ; s Dayis celebrated on February 14. Every St. Valentine # 8217 ; s Day 1000s of people travel to a little small town on Scotland # 8217 ; s boundary line with England to acquire married. The small town is called Gretna Green. Its romantic repute began in 1754. Christmas Dayis observed on the 25thof December. In Britain this twenty-four hours was a festival long before the transition to Christianity. Though faith in Britain has been fring land Christmas is still the most widely celebrated festival.

Operations and Process Management Principles and Practice for Strategic Impact Essay Example

Operations and Process Management: Principles and Practice for Strategic Impact Essay PROJECT MANAGEMENT Project management can be said to be the management or control of a unique set of co-ordinated activities, with definite starting and finishing points, undertaken by an individual or team to meet specific objectives within defined time, cost and performance parameters. There exist various methods for managing projects. The most common which is most suitable for large size projects is PRINCE2 Pons (2008). New Product Development (NPD) New product development (NPD) is an important organisational activity since it provides future business opportunity for the organisation. It involves the executives of an organisation taking risks in achieving specific aims and objectives. The process of developing a new product needs considerable efforts from the employees dedicated to it. Sometimes, new product development could involve a complete change and this could bring about having to carry out quite a number of individual projects. Customers’ needs identification: Women want to spend less in acquiring sanitary pads for each month. Some women avoid spending so much on packs of sanitary pads each month by wearing each sanitary pad for hours longer than normal. This is bad for personal hygiene but in most case cannot be avoided due to the unequal income distribution in the economy. Quality evaluation of existing products: the normal sanitary pads are good at absorbing substance and keeping the users dry but each pack of sanitary pads contains a small number of individual sanitary pads that a single sanitary pad is often not enough for most women during their monthly menstrual cycle. We will write a custom essay sample on Operations and Process Management: Principles and Practice for Strategic Impact specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Operations and Process Management: Principles and Practice for Strategic Impact specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Operations and Process Management: Principles and Practice for Strategic Impact specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Objectives of new product: the new product will allow women spend less than would for their monthly menstrual cycle and still have enough individual sanitary pads to keep them dry and improve their personal hygiene. Idea generation: As the operation manager of company XY, I would initiate a change to achieve increased patronage of the company’s sanitary pad brand. A cloth sanitary pad (see pages 34) could be included in some packs of disposable sanitary pads. This would be put in bigger packs and the contents will be indicated on the pack. The percentage of the switch from the regular pack to the new one would show how much the idea is accepted by the end consumers. To carry this out, specialized machines for the production of cloth sanitary pads will have to be bought as well as materials for the cloth sanitary pads. This means an increase in the cost of production. The price of each sanitary pad will be increased to meet the extra cost of production. In order for these products to attract a great patronage to the increase in their prices, they should be of very good quality. StakeHolder Identification for the Production of Sanitary Pads Stake holders according to Bill, Don and Danny (2005) are â€Å"groups or individuals with whom the organization interacts or has interdependencies† and â€Å"any individual or group who can affect or is affected by the actions, decisions, policies, practices or goals of the organization†. There exist two categories of stakeholders; the internal stakeholders who affect the product and the external stake holders who are affected by the product. Internal stakeholders: The internal stakeholders for the production of sanitary pads include; the project manager and the project staff. Objectives: Project manager; needs to produce sanitary pads that will make consumers switch from the regular full disposable pack to the cloth and disposable pack without an itch and that will attract high patronage in order to cover the cost of production. Project staff; need to produce pads that will be readily available and meet the lead times for sanitary pads. External stakeholders: The external stakeholders include; women and girls who are the end consumers of sanitary pads and the second tier of buyers and the retailers who buy directly from the producers and supply to the consumers and are the first tier of buyers Objectives: Women: the sanitary pads should be of good quality. It should be able to keep them dry for as long as possible and be comfortable to wear. It should be affordable as well, even with the increase. Retailers: the sanitary pads supplied should be accepted by the end users enough to still be highly demanded for even after the retailers have added their profit prices on the products.

What Are AP Exams and Tests

What Are AP Exams and Tests SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips AP Tests may seem like intimidating obstacles, but if you’ve done well in the corresponding AP classes, you shouldn’t have too much trouble earning a high score. Good AP Test scores can help you in the college admissions process and may evenearn you college credits. In this article, I’ll give you an overview of what AP exams are, why they matter, and how scoring works across a variety of different tests and subject areas. What Are AP Tests? What’s the Point of Taking Them? AP Tests take place at the end of AP classes, and they’re used as a means of assessing how much you learned in the class and whether your experience merits college credit. You can also prepare for AP Tests independently outside of the course if you don't feel totally comfortable with the material after going over it in class. Essentially, AP Tests are a standardized way of validating your course record.They’re a measure used to control for poorly taught AP classes where students earn As but don’t actually know the material. Although AP curriculum is supposed to be consistent at every school, teachers have a lot of freedom in how they teach the subject and grade the class.AP Tests help to ensure that students have actually learned and absorbed the information and deserve the appropriate credit. You can earn college creditsfor high AP Test scores at most schools, and your scores may also help you to place out of introductory classes.Doing well on AP tests can mean finishing college early or avoiding college classes in subjects that are repetitive for you.In the next section, I’ll get into more specifics about the grading scale for AP tests and how some of the most popular tests are structured. Ugh, I wish I could skip Coloring 101. I already know all of this stuff, and I haven't even thought about eating any of the crayons. What Does the Grading Scale and Format Look Like on Different AP Exams? There are some consistencies in scoring and format throughout all AP exams, but there are also big differences in the times and score percentages devoted to certain types of questions across different tests.I’ll give you some overall information about the grading scale and then provide details about the specific formats of tests in various subject areas. Overall Facts AP exams are scored on a scale from 1 to 5, 5 being the highest score and 1 being the lowest.This is how the College Board defines each score: 5 = extremely well qualified 4 = well qualified3 = qualified2 = possibly qualified1 = no recommendation â€Å"Qualified† indicates that you’re capable of doing the equivalent of the work required for a college-level introductory course in the AP subject.Most colleges will give credit for students scoring a 4s or 5s on AP tests, and some will even give credit for 3s. This can vary depending on the test. On an AP test that's considered more difficult, you might get credit for a 3. On a less challenging test, you might need to score a 5 to earn college credit. Every AP exam has a multiple choice section, which is scored by computer, and a free response or essay section, which is scored by college professors and AP teachers.On multiple choice, there are no point deductions for incorrect answers. (This is a recent policy change in line with the new SAT, which has also done away with point deductions.) Scores on the two sections of AP Tests are combined to form your composite score on a scale of 1 to 5. One thing you should keep in mind about AP test scores is that you don’t need to get everything right on the test to get a 5 or a â€Å"perfect† score.It’s not like the SAT, where messing up on one question can crush your dreams of an 800.Scaling is different for each exam, but in general even if you only get 70% of the questions correct, you can still end up with a 5.Read more details about how AP tests are scored here. Next, I’ll give you an idea of the specific structures of AP exams in different subjects so that you’ll know what to expect. Your pencil will be thrilled to spend more time with you on the free response sections of AP Tests. It doesn't know that its feelings may not be reciprocated. Science and Math APs AP Biology The AP Biology exam is three hours long in total.It is also divided into two sections, the first of which consists of a multiple choice portion and a very short grid-in portion.You will have to answer 63 multiple choice questions and six grid-in questions in 90 minutes.The grid-in questions are essentially short answer math and science problems; you will need to calculate the answers and enter them into a grid on your answer sheet. The second section of the test is also 90 minutes long and consists of eight open response questions (six short response and two long response).Each section on the AP Biology exam is worth 50% of your score. AP Chemistry The AP Chemistry exam is three hours and 15 minutes long.The multiple choice section has 60 questions and is 90 minutes long.The free response section has seven questions, four short response and three long response, and it is an hour and 45 minutes long. Like on AP Biology, each section is worth 50% of your score. AP Calculus BC The AP Calculus BC exam is three hours and 15 minutes long. The multiple choice section consists of 45 questions divided into calculator and no calculator sections that last an hour and 45 minutes total. The free response section consists of six questions lasting an hour and 30 minutes, also divided into calculator and no calculator sections. Your calculator won't be there to support you on every section of the AP Calculus exam. But don't worry, it always has you in its thoughts. Social Studies APs AP Psychology The AP Psychology exam is a bit shorter than most of the other AP Tests, clocking in at just two hours total.The multiple choice section consists of 100 questions answered over the course of 70 minutes. This section makes up two thirds of your score.The free response section consists of two questions to be answered in 50 minutes. This section makes up the remaining third of your score. AP US History The AP US History exam is 3 hours and 15 minutes long in total.It is divided into two sections, the first of which consists of a multiple choice portion and a short answer portion.The multiple choice portion contains 55 questions and is 55 minutes long. This is worth 40% of your total score.The short answer portion contains four questions and is 50 minutes long. This is worth 20% of your total score. The second section of the test consists of two longer open response questions.First is the document-based question (so called because your answer will require you to consult a certain primary source document) for which you are given 55 minutes. This is worth 25% of your total score.You will also have to answer one of two long essay questions for which you are given 35 minutes. This question is worth 15% of your total score. The AP US History exam will take you on a wild ride through the meandering underground streets of this country's past. If you're a thrill seeker, oh boy, look forward to this one! Language and Literature APs AP English Literature and Composition The AP English test is three hours long. The multiple choice section has 55 questions and lasts an hour. The free response section has three questions and lasts for two hours. The multiple choice section of the test is worth 45% of your score, and the free response section is worth 55% of your score. AP Spanish Language and Culture This exam is three hours long. The multiple choice section consists of two parts and is 95 minutes long. You'll answer questions about Spanish texts on the first part and audio recordings on the second part. The free response consists of four parts and is 85 minutes long. You will be asked to write an email reply and a persuasive essay. You will also have to respond to conversational prompts in Spanish and do a mini-presentation on a cultural topic in Spanish. The multiple choice and free response sections are each worth 50% of your score. That's right, for language AP tests you'll have to actually speak the language. I was shocked as well. Art APs AP Music Theory The AP Music Theory test is two hours and 40 minutes long. The multiple choice section consists of 75 questions divided into two sections, one of which relies on auditory cues and one that is non-auditory. The whole section is 80 minutes long and makes up 45% of your score. The free response section consists of seven written exercises (70 minutes total) and two sight-singing exercises (10 minutes total). These two sections make up the other 55% of your score. AP Art History This exam is three hours long in total. The multiple choice section is an hour long and has 80 questions. The free response section takes up the remaining two hours. It has two 30-minute essay questions and four 15-minute essay questions. The multiple choice and free response sections each make up 50% of your score. I don't understand how people made incredibly complex sculptures like this, but if you take AP Art History, you might find out. Conclusion So what are AP exams, overall? AP examsassess your knowledge of AP course material and determine whether you are qualified to test out of similar introductory courses in college.A high score on an AP Test indicates that you are capable of working at the college level in the subject.The highest score you can earn on an AP Test is a 5, and the lowest is a 1; most schools will accept 4s and 5s (sometimes even 3s) as scores worthy of college credit.All AP Tests have both multiple choice and free response sections, but they are structured differently and may be different lengths depending on the subject. Keep in mind that AP Tests and classes may or may not be good choices for you based on your academic track record in high school and goals for college. You can read more about which AP classes (if any) you should take in this article.Your ideal AP courses and exams will vary depending on the type of student you are. You shouldn't force yourself to take classes that will drag down your GPA or that don't interest you just for the sake of earning more AP credit. If you know you'll be taking some AP courses, try to familiarize yourself with the format and timing of the corresponding tests before the end of the school year.Taking practice tests and doing sample questions will help you get accustomed to the way the tests work and enable you to earn college credit! What's Next? You may be wondering when the AP Tests are offered so that you can plan ahead. Here's a list of AP Test dates for 2016. Which AP Tests are more difficult? That can depend on your strengths as a student, but there are certain tests that are notorious for being especially cahllengin. Read more about the hardest AP Tests here. Does your school offer AP and IB? Are you curious about the differences between the two? Take a look at this article to learn whether AP or IB will be a better fit for your needs. Want to improve your SAT score by 240 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Social Learning Theory Essays

Social Learning Theory Essays Social Learning Theory Paper Social Learning Theory Paper Social Learning Theory: Social Learning is on the nurture side of the Nature Vs Nurture debate. The main concept of the social learning approach is that you learn by observing the behaviour of others and the outcomes of those behaviours. For example, if a child was to see someone getting positively rewarded, they would copy the behaviour to receive the reward. Whereas, if they were to see someone being punished they wouldnt copy it. (Van Wagner K, 2005) Social learning theory explains human behaviour in terms of continuous reciprocal interaction between cognitive, behavioural, and environmental influences. (Learning-Theorists, 2009) Albert Bandura stated in 1977 that Learning would be exceedingly laborious, not to mention hazardous, if people had to rely solely on the effects of their own actions to inform them what to do. Fortunately, most human behaviour is learned observationally through modelling: from observing others, one forms an idea of how new behaviours are performed, and on later occasions this coded information serves as a guide for action. Modelling is a method used where the client learns from imitation alone, without any specific verbal direction by the therapist. (Wikipedia, modelling, 2008) The conditions that must be in place for effective modelling are: * Attention A persons characteristics determine their attention level; such as sensory capacities, arousal level, perceptual set, past reinforcement. (Learning-Theorists, 2009) * Retention Retention is remembering what you paid attention too, such as mental images, sounds, symbolic coding. (Learning-Theorists, 2009) * Reproduction This is when you reproduce what it is you paid attention too, such as physical capabilities and self-observation of reproduction. (Learning-Theorists, 2009) * Motivation Motivation is having a good enough reason to imitate what you paid attention to in the beginning. Motivation can be past, promised and vicarious. (Learning-Theorists, 2009) Albert Bandura Albert Bandura was born on the 4th December 1925, and is a Canadian psychologist that created the Social Learning theory. (Wikipedia, Albert Bandura, 2008) He first started research on the Social Learning theory whilst he worked in the Department of Psychology at Stanford University. Working along side one of his students Richard Walters; they studied human motivation, thought and action which he then furthered to social learning and aggression. This all interlinks to his most famous experiment The Bobo Doll Experiment. Bobo Doll Experiment The Bobo Doll experiment was first conducted in 1961. Its main goals were to help understand behavioural learning in the form of aggression. The experiment involved 72 children aged between 3 and 6, divided equally by gender, watching a model acting in a certain manner towards the Bobo Doll. The children were then split into groups that were divided by gender, aggressive behaviour and non-aggressive behaviour. They were then split between models that were the same gender or different gender. In total, there were 8 experimental groups. (Wikipedia, Bobo Doll Experiment, 2008) The children were taken individually into a room which contained a Bobo Doll, lots of toys and a model. The child watched the model for 10 minutes whilst they played with the toys for a minute and then acted aggressively towards the Bobo Doll for the rest of the time, using physical and verbal abuse and also hitting it with a mallet from one of the other toys. (Wikipedia, Bobo Doll Experiment, 2008) The model would then leave and the child would be taken to a second room which contained the same equipment as the previous room, but this time the model would only play with the toys and completely ignore the Bobo Doll. (Wikipedia, Bobo Doll Experiment, 2008) The child would then be taken to a third room which contained many appealing toys and a Bobo Doll. The child would only be allowed to play with the toys for a short amount of time until someone would enter the room tell them that those toys were for the other children and that they werent allowed to play with them. This was to make the child angry, hoping to cause aggression. (Wikipedia, Bobo Doll Experiment, 2008) Finally, the child would be taken to a fourth room with contained toys of aggressive and non-aggressive nature, such as the Bobo Doll, a mallet, toy guns, a ball, paper and crayons, plastic farm animals and a tea set. (Wikipedia, Bobo Doll Experiment, 2008) Bandura recorded the results of the Bobo Doll experiment in 8 different measures of aggression ranging from kicking the doll, shouting insults they heard from the model and using the mallet. After studying the results Bandura found out that children do learn from watching the behaviour of others, discovering that the children that saw the aggressive model imitating the physical aggression, 38.2 from boys and 12.7 from girls. The same results were found for verbal abuse, with boys using it 17 times and girls 15.7 times. It was also proved that males tended to be more aggressive than females, after finding out that there were 270 incidents of males showing aggression, against females showing aggression 128 times. (Wikipedia, Bobo Doll Experiment, 2008) Social Learning in Health and Social Care Social Learning is present in school education from teachers and fellow students. Teachers have to help students believe they can do the work and watch others be successful and develop self-efficiency to experience success themselves. Teachers also have to show appropriate behaviour and language whilst around students; this is so they get an understanding of what is right and wrong. (Teachnet) Teachnet states that Modelling provides an alternative to shaping for teaching new behaviours. Instead of using shaping, which is operant conditioning, modelling can provide a faster, more efficient means for teaching new behaviour. To promote effective modelling a teacher must make sure that the four essential conditions exist; attention, retention, reproduction, and motivation. Social Learning in Health Education In health education, there is no approach that has been specifically said to work better than the rest. Social Learning could be used in health education to try to advise someone to reduce or stop whatever is harming their health. An example of this would be using the peer-led approach to health education, such as if an ex-smoker was to talk to a smoker about giving up, the ex-smoker could explain about all the advantages to their health and wellbeing, like no loss of breath and no lingering smell on their clothes, hands and hair.

The Creative Innovation and Vast Influence of Merce Cunningham Essay

The Creative Innovation and Vast Influence of Merce Cunningham - Essay Example If I was one who did not know his background, I would just see him as an old, shriveled, slow-speaking senior citizen dispensing wisdom on dance and life from his wheelchair and regaling his glory days when he had his share of the limelight as the star of the show. Yet, upon listening to his words, one can be enamored by his passion for the arts, notwithstanding his age and disability. In his advanced age, when most of his contemporaries are long dead or shoved in nursing homes rendering them useless to society, Cunningham remained vigilant in his post as guard of the dance, issuing instructions for his company of dancers as he envisions the dance in his still brilliant mind. He may sit immobile in his wheelchair, but his spirit and ideas joined the nubile movements of his dancers on the floor. That vision alone encapsulates how innovative and influential he was in the world of dance. This paper will explore how he came to be such. Travelling back in time to his origins as a young da ncer, Merce Cunningham started training in all-round theatrical dance at the tender age of twelve under the supervision of Mrs. J.W. Barrett. He went on to further his studies at the Cornish School in Seattle, Washington and became a mentee of the eminent dance diva, Martha Graham. This grand dame had a great influence on the young Cunningham, as she prodded him to pursue professional dancing and choreography as a career. In 1944, he first collaborated with long-time art and life partner, John Cage in a dance concert where he choreographed his dances as the dance soloist to the original music composed and performed by John Cage. The resulting performance was something new for everyone to see and it elicited a gamut of reactions from all sectors. The resounding critique was made by Edwin Denby who noted that he had ‘never seen a first recital that combined such taste, such technical finish, such originality of dance material, and so sure a manner of presentation’ (Gresko vic, 1999, p. 72). Indeed, Cunningham has lived up to that compliment all throughout his dance career. In 1953, Cunningham had his own company of 5 dancers, including himself. He preferred to maintain a small group that even in 1994, there were only 17 including the choreographer. His fortunate dancer-trainees eventually went on to develop their own careers as dancer-choreographers and made names for themselves. Some of these were Paul Taylor, Remy Charlip, Viola Farber, Margaret Jenkins, Douglas Dunn, Gus Solomons, Jr., Karole Armitage and Ulysses Dove (Greskovic, 1999). The prominence these mentees of Cunningham gained was a reflection of his great influence in their dance philosophies. Cunningham’s dance innovations never ceased to amaze the audience. Asked if he was out to shock people with his dances, he claimed he was not, but was out to bring poetry in their lives. He brought a twist to ballet, which was so much part of the modern dance innovations but somehow put an e dge to the classic dance. He combined what he learned from ballet such as the pronounced use of the legs, with the strong emphasis on the upper body in modern dance methods. Greskovic (1999) identifies one of Cunningham’s technical advancement in relation to ballet’s five positions of the feet that he referred to as the Five Positions of the Back – upright, curve, arch, twist and tilt. A meticulous artist, Cunningham did not stop at designing details of his choreography but also dabbled with the music that accompanied the dance. The unconventional sound elements used may be disturbing to the audience simply because it is unfamiliar and therefore, uncomfortable.